The Roaring Twenties The Age of Degeneration Essay Example Essay Example

The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Example Paper The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Introduction The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Moral values, the standards of good and evil, are the foundation of a society, allowing a person to value integrity and make the right choices. However, during the Roaring Twenties in the United States, as we enter a new era of cultural and economic dynamism, the values are being overthrown by the new lust for money, power, and most important of all, pleasure. The Great Gatsby Juxtaposes the new moneys extravagant life and the old moneys crumbling aristocratic values. F. Scott Fitzgerald exposes this dramatic phenomenon in his novel, where he crafts a trikingly realistic painting of the society in the Roaring Twenties, where materialism thrives and leads to the loss of moral standards. Jay Gatsbys world revolves around a single dream that he holds as the lifeline in his story. It is a dream of wealth and aristocracy. After his adventure in luxury with Dan Cody, who becomes his father fgure, Gatsby finds his dream embodied by Daisy Fay, be cause â€Å"Her voice is full of money’ (Fitzgerald 120). She represents wealth and class. She has a very lighthearted conduct and charismatic behavior. She is â€Å"the golden girl† (Fitzgerald 120), born in a ealthy, upper-class society, and married to a rich man. However, we also see that her shiny image is only a fapde to cover her degeneration. We first catch a glimpse of her true character when she decides to confide to Nick that â€Å"the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool† (Fitzgerald 17). The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Body Paragraphs She fully embraces the new concept of women in the Roaring Twenties and is ready to give up her self-respect to conserve her luxurious lifestyle. Daisy also shows the lack of maternal love. Even though she is a mother, she is so engrossed in her love affairs and lavish life that she never takes care of her daughter. She only dresses Pammy up for special occasions, as if her daughter is Just another possession in order to promote her image. In Gatsbys vision, Daisy is symbolized by the green light on her dock. It holds a â€Å"colossal significance† (Fitzgerald, 93) because it is the color of money and envy. Daisy is the perfect example to illustrate the prevailing rise of materialism in the Roaring Twenties. Another woman, who is seemingly the perfect opposite of Daisy Fay, is also a model woman of the Roaring Twenties. Myrtle Wilson belongs to the working class but wishes to strive in the social ladder and acquire the extravagant lifestyle of the icher classes. She is ready t o have an affair with a man who wants her only as a tool to relieve his stress. She is his escape to another life, where he can fully express his most odious sides. However, in the end, it is this exact same dream, which at first may seems like an escape to her, that kills Myrtle in the most violent way. Instead of working hard to gain her position, she lets her materialistic needs bring the dissolution of her morality. Ironically, Myrtle is killed by a luxury car, which symbolizes wealth and independence. This lust for money, characteristic of the Roaring Twenties, has destroyed her. The rise of materialism is symbolized most strongly through the eyes of T. J. Eckleberg. The advertisement sign of T. J. Eckleberg is sltuatea In tne valley 0T Asnes, a place tnat Iles Detween New York ana tne west Egg. It is where all the waste from New York and the Eggs are stored, causing piles of ashes swallowing everything. We can consider it as a backstage for the lavish life in New York and the Eggs, where all unpleasantness produced by the upper class’s glamorous lives is stored and hidden. George Wilson, Myrtle’s husband, lives and works there. After his wife’s tragic death, he points at the advertisement sign of T. J. Eckleberg and claims that â€Å"God sees everything† (Fitzgerald 160) The fact that T. J. Eckleberg is considered by George as a God shows the disorientation of the Twenties’ society. Hidden behind the glimmering lights of the cities, the Valley of Ashes represents the decaying morality of the society. The concept of God is lost, and the people are desperately looking for a spiritual guidance in their life. But only an advertisement board represents this guidance. This fact shows that materialism has conquered spiritual values and has now become the societys religious belief. Fitzgerald uses this striking image to convey the power of materialism over the society. We can observe the collapsing self-discipline through almos t every character in this novel. This perversion of character shows the extent of corruption throughout the society. Jordan Baker, who is Nick Carraways romantic interest, is a perfect example. Even though she is the narrator’s lover, the description of her conduct makes it impossible for the readers to sympathize with Nick. She is a very careless person. She is a â€Å"rotten driver† (Fitzgerald, 58) but she still drives hastily because â€Å"it takes two to make an accident† (Fitzgerald, 58). Jordan’s arguments prove that she is a haughty, irresponsible woman who believes that she should never take the blame. Furthermore, Nick notes that she is â€Å"incurably dishonest† (Fitzgerald 58) because she cheated during sport competitions. She also chooses to lie because it was easier to be dishonest in order to â€Å"satisfy the demands of her hard, Jaunty body’ (Fitzgerald 58). Jordan Baker always chooses to obey her physical needs at the expe nse of her virtues. This carelessness is not exclusive to Jordan, but is a shared trait between almost every character in this novel, like Tom Buchanan for example. He is hypocrite ho uses Myrtle as a way to satisfy his physical needs. He owns an apartment in New York where he holds his affair. We can observe through his visit in his love nest that the people in New York witness unfaithfulness with nonchalance, as if it has become a habitual thing. At Myrtle and Tom’s party, we can fully witness these people’s carelessness. The guests drink excessively and the hosts â€Å"disappeared† (Fitzgerald 29) to make love in spite of their guests’ presence. Myrtle also spends money carelessly, buying too much furniture for the apartment. She also buys a dog spontaneously but abandons it to die. The party at Tom and Myrtle’s love nest exposes the immorality of the city. As a narrator in this novel, Nick Carraway shares with his readers that he is disgusted b y the carelessness of Jordan, Daisy, Tom and the whole society in general. However, he can see one person who he can still respect. That person is Gatsby. After Gatsbys death, Nick leaves the East because of the â€Å"foul dust [that] floated in the wake of [Gatsbys] dreams [has] temporarily closed out [his] interest in the abortive sorrows and short-winded elations of men† (Fitzgerald 2). Even though Gatsby has a very dark past, he is fundamentally a good person. We can see through his childhood notebook that he considers being â€Å"better to parents† (Fitzgerald 173) an important quality that he needs to remember. HIS only Dao aeclslon Is to devote nls entlre IITe to Daisy. He nas turned ner Into nls absolute dream. In order to achieve this dream, he has to attach his life to â€Å"the foul dust,† which is the criminal and extravagant life that Gatsby leads in order to be worthy of Daisy. He even sacrifices his own life to protect Daisy from her crime. Gatsby is worth â€Å"the whole damn bunch put of together† (Fitzgerald 154) because Daisy, Tom and Jordan, even though not associated to organized crimes, are even ore immoral than he. Nicks acquaintance with Gatsby unravels the degeneration of his society, corrupted by the interminable seeking of â€Å"elations† through wealth, alcohol and sex. Nick is â€Å"one of the few honest people† (Fitzgerald, 59) in this novel. Although, he does lie occasionally, his lies are said in good intentions. For example, when Henry C. Gatz arrives at Gatsbys mansion upon hearing the news of his son’s death, Nick states that they are â€Å"close friends† (Fitzgerald 168). As a person who always tries to value moral standards, I understand Nicks feelings when he gives this ie. I do not believe that this dishonesty puts him on the same level as Jordan Baker or other dishonest character, because his lie isn’t said to protect himself, but to protect another from unne cessary pain. I also have been put into circumstances where telling the truth would be too rude or hurtful to the other person, so I also lied, just like Nick. I believe that sometimes, saying the truth would be the wrong thing to do, given the circumstances. For example, my cousin had a hamster that she dearly loved. One day, she was enrolled in a very prestigious mathematics competition, and he had to travel to another country to participate in it. I came to her house after she left, to congratulate her parents, only to find out that her hamster had died while she was away. From then on, whenever she called home and asked about her hamster’s health, I always reassured her by saying that he was fine. This lie allowed her to concentrate on her exams and eventually get good results. Even though I lied, it was in good intention because I knew that the truth would be too much pain for her to handle. This experience allows me to understand Nicks intention and feelings. F. Scott. Fitzgerald, through this novel, criticizes the materialism of the Roaring Twenties’ society, as we enter the phase of transition between old-fashioned, conservative standards and modern, freethinking ideals. We can hear Fitzgerald’s voice through Nick Carraways ending prediction about the â€Å"orgastic future that year by year recedes from us† (Fitzgerald, 180). We can understand his emphasis on physical pleasure through the word orgastic. Fitzgerald contemplates that the future we all hope for is forever out of reach of the disoriented society of 1920s. Works Cited http://www. thefreedictionary. com/orgastic We will write a custom essay sample on The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Roaring Twenties: The Age of Degeneration Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Understanding Present and Past Participles

Understanding Present and Past Participles In  traditional English grammar, a participle is a  verbal that typically  ends in -ing (the present participle)  or -ed (the past participle).  Adjective:  participial. By itself, a  participle can function as an  adjective  (as in the sleeping baby or the damaged pump). In combination with one or more  auxiliary verbs,  a participle can indicate tense, aspect, or  voice.  Ã‚   Present participles end in -ing (for example,  carrying, sharing, tapping). Past participles of regular verbs end in -ed (carried, shared, tapped). Past participles of irregular verbs have various endings, most often -n or -t (broken, spent). As linguists have long observed, both of these terms- present and  past- are misleading.  [B]oth [present and past]  participles are used in the formation of a variety of complex constructions (tenses) and can . . .  refer to  past, present, or future time (e.g., What had they been doing? This must be drunk soon).  Preferred terms are -ing form (which also includes gerund) and -ed form/-en form (Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar, 2014). EtymologyFrom the Latin, share, partake, participate Examples of Present Participles Ahead of Perenelle, a crowd gathered around a young man with a  dancing bear. (Stephen Leigh, Immortal Muse. DAW, 2014)Newport harbor lay stretched out in the distance, with  the rising moon  casting a long, wavering track of silver upon it. (Harriet Beecher Stowe,  Uncle Toms Cabin, 1852)Drawing on my fine command of the English language, I said nothing. (Robert Benchley)The ducks come on swift, silent wings, gliding through the treetops as if guided by radar, twisting, turning, never touching a twig in that thick growth of trees that surrounded the lake.(Jack Denton Scott, The Wondrous Wood Duck. Sports Afield, 1976) Examples of Past Participles During the thunderstorm, the frightened cat hid under the bed.[T]he clock, its face supported by plump cupids of painted china, ticked with a small busy sound. (Robert Penn Warren, Christmas Gift. The Virginia Quarterly Review, 1938)The new home stood beside the macadamized new road and was high and boxlike, painted yellow with a roof of glittering tin. (Elizabeth Bishop, The Farmers Children Harpers Bazaar, 1949)One January day, thirty years ago, the little town of Hanover, anchored on a windy Nebraska tableland, was trying not to be blown away. (Willa Cather, O Pioneers! 1913)The Bibles Jezebel came to an ugly end. Thrown from a balcony, trampled by horses, and devoured by dogs, the middle-aged queen has had few good days since. (Review of Jezebel: The Untold Story of the Bible’s Harlot Queen by Lesley Hazleton. The Week, November  29, 2007)I believe in broken, fractured, complicated narratives, but I believe in narratives as a vehicle for truth, not simply as a form of en tertainment. (Stephen Greenblatt, Will in the World: How Shakespeare Became Shakespeare. W.W.  Norton, 2004) Source of the Terms Present and Past [There is] an apparent contradiction  in  our selection of terminology for  the present and past  participles. We have described the participles as non-tensed, and yet we have used the terms present and past to distinguish them. These  terms, in fact, derive from  the most characteristic uses of the participles, in constructions such as: Sue has made a sponge cake Sue is making a sponge  cake In (1) the making of the cake is located in past time and in (2) it is located in present time. Note, however, that it is not the participles themselves that suggest this difference, but rather the total contructions. Consider: Sue was making a sponge cake Here the making of the cake is certainly not located in the present but rather, as was indicates, in the past.  We thus wish to retain the  traditional terms on the grounds that they relate to the characteristic uses of the two forms, but at the same time insist that the forms are  tenseless: there is no  tense contrast between them. -(Peter Collins and Carmella Hollo, English Grammar: An Introduction, 2nd ed. Palgrace Macmillan,  2010) Examples of Present and Past Participial Phrases Leaking from restaurant walls, beamed into airports as they landed and automobiles as they crashed, chiming from steeples, thundering from parade grounds, tingling through apartment walls, carried through the streets in small boxes, violating even the peace of desert and the forest, where drive-ins featured blue musical comedies, music at first overwhelmed, then delighted, then disgusted, and finally bored them (John Updike, The Chaste Planet. Hugging the Shore: Essays and Criticism. Knopf, 1983)   Participles as Quasi-Adjectives As modifiers of  nouns, present and past participles of verbs function very much like adjectives. Indeed, they are sometimes regarded as adjectives when they modify nouns. A present participle attributes a quality of action to the noun, which is viewed as undertaking the action, as retreating of legs in [109]. A past participle views the noun as having undergone the action expressed by the participle, as prefabricated of buildings in [110]. [109] . . . the cripples envy at his straight, retreating legs[110] various prefabricated buildings Thus, the present is an active participle and the past is a passive participle.(Howard Jackson, Grammar and Meaning. Longman, 1990)Participles as Verbs and Adjectives Participles occupy an  intermediate position between verbs and adjectives. Like verbs of a clause, participles may function as predicates and take complements and adjuncts, in fact they refer to situations.  Since they are atemporal, they can, like adjectives, also function as modifiers of nouns.(Gà ¼nter Radden and Renà © Dirven, Cognitive English Grammar. John Benjamins, 2007) Participles as Sentence Openers When the  participle is a single word- the verb with no complements or modifiersit usually occupies the adjective slot in preheadword position: Our snoring visitor kept the household awake.The barking dog next door drives us crazy. . . . While the single-word participle generally fills the preheadword adjective slot, it too can sometimes open the sentence- and with considerable drama: Exasperated, she made the decision to leave immediately.Outraged, the entire committee resigned. Youll notice that both of these openers are past participles, rather than the -ing present participle form; they are, in fact, the passive voice. -(Martha Kolln, Rhetorical Grammar. Pearson, 2007) Pronunciation: PAR-ti-sip-ul

Business Economics for De-Unionization

In the entire Article, the author discusses about the increasing disparity between the upper- and lower-half of the society. The major narrator of the piece is Robert Reich who is primary illustrating the America’s social classes. The metaphor is utilized in explicating how the economy of America is fluctuating for the rich and poor. It is alluded to a boat that everyone is in whereby 1 is rapidly sinking 2 nd one sinking more gradually while the 3 rd steadily rising. The three social classes are referred to here including lower-, middle- and upper-class. The lower-class keeps going poorer due to job loss, increase automation alongside petition from other economies which are enthusiastic to work for less money. The middle-class is somewhat staying unchanged but remain still diminishing economically. This is due to machinery that is substituting employees, lower wages due to the surged social security drawn by the government from the retirees, alongside the stiff petition from immigrant searching for jobs. The upper-class does well and ascending past everyone else since they are the people who are thinking regarding selling their notions to overseas nations who could never think of them independently. The topic is anchored on the Robert Reich as both eye opener and simultaneously a cautionary for the society about the unemployment which the society shall be facing and is presently facing as a result of the lack of education and technology. It precisely enunciates that routine producers’ jobs and in-person servers have extinguished wholly as the contemporary techniques have substituted them. Reich posited that strictly individuals whose jobs remain on the upsurge are symbol analysts. The symbol analysts remain the actual problem solvers. The symbol analysts’ skills remain extremely in the demand globally since they are the people who initially examine the problem and subsequently solve the problem (Reich 15). The same unemployment problem alongside the global recession that has left workers focusing on workers not solely with skills of specialist but further a vaster array of knowledge and skills. The report remains a clear reflection of what is required by the modern day employers, but the question remains whether it is universities or learners individually that fail to cope with the needs of modern world that is marred with advancement in technology alongside critical thinking. The modern day generation alongside reasons for huge drop in employment are truly missing something critical. The opposition holds that the job losses in America is caused not by the immigrants into America but due to technological development and globalization. The opposition acknowledges that the main challenge is the employment crisis that the millennials shall be facing as a result of educational challenges, either in schools or in learners, and the similar period the ascending symbol analysts demand (Spangler 472). This is an eye-openers for millennials since the opposition has precisely illustrated all the challenges facing millennials and shall be facing in the ing years about employment. The main strength in my opponent claim is that it is true that globalization and technological advancement have greatly led to a laying off of many workers. On the other hand, the opponent fails to appreciate that as technology is advancing, many jobs are destroyed and through innovation, many new jobs are created and many firms upskill their old employees rather than retrenching which would indeed retain workers and even employ new ones. The Robert Reich Article remains wholly true. There is a widening gap between the rich and the poor. This disparity/gap is increasing blooming visibly as months turn to years. The rich are increasingly b ing richer since they are the people taking over the lower-class jobs and doing whatever they wish with them. Often, the upper-class fire all the employees and place in automatic machinery since it is increasingly effective and cost really less. The upper-class have further put a surge on immigrants over the previous ten years and it is still ascending today. The immigrants e to America and require jobs to support both families and themselves. This is the reason there is increasing jobs less in the US. If the American economy keeps up with this declining trend, there will people trapped in absolute poverty and those who are filthy rich. Accordingly many of the rich individuals shall refute to assist the poor, even where they are increasingly capable of helping the poor.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Based on my claim, the millennials’ future is analyzed with respect to unemployment problems the millennials will face as a result of globalization. The advancement in technology and entire world â€Å"going global† remains significant.   Unlike my claim, that I hold also contributes to the American job losses, I see sense in the opponent claim that attributes the job loss to the shift of jobs from the developed to developing economies established by the huge recession in the developed-economies to have triggered by the advancement in technology and globalization.    It is true that both claims remain cognizant that the main challenge is the unemployment. Whereas I attributed the lack of employment among the Americans to the petition arising from the immigrants who seek the same jobs to support themselves and families, I am in agreement with my opponent’s claim that globalization and advancement in technology have also played a significant role (Stiglitz 133). It is true that advancement in technology has made workers stay in touch with the entire globe with the assistance of certain optical wires alongside satellites and hence began hiring employees who were willing and ready to work for the lower salaries. In the same manner, introduction of novel labor-saving machineries like ATMs and robotized vending accounts for job losses. Both opposing claims have a sense in arguments and hence there is a mon ground. Both technological advancement and globalization have indeed led to job loses while at the same time Americans have lost jobs due to influx of immigrants. Reich, Robert B. "Why the rich are getting richer and the poor, poorer." The way class works: Readings on school, family, and the economy (2008): 13-24. Spangler, Eve. "When Good Jobs Go Bad: Globalization, De-Unionization, and Declining Job Quality in the North American Auto Industry." (2017): 471-473. Stiglitz, Joseph E. "The overselling of globalization." Business Economics 52.3 (2017): 129-137.

To what extent was the air campaign in Operation Iraqi Freedom a Essay

To what extent was the air campaign in Operation Iraqi Freedom a military success but a public relations failure - Essay Example It is proposed that the fall of the Soviet Union and the changing world order in the aftermath of the Cold War triggered a change in the international political framework, thereby altering the traditional theory of international relations as evidenced by Operation Desert Storm and Operation Iraqi Freedom (Schoenbaum, 2006, p.2). This further marked a turning point in US foreign policy objectives in the Middle East, which was cemented by the events of September 11. Moreover, Operation Desert Storm in particular fuelled a tactical change in the US military strategy with a move towards the Rapid Dominance and Shock and Awe tactics as applied in Operation Iraqi Freedom (Martel, 2007, p.248). However, whilst Ullman and Wade (1996) suggest that the Rapid Dominance and shock and awe doctrine was necessary to ensure strategic military success in conflict, the current instability in Iraq has fuelled debate as to the long term implications of the shock and awe doctrine, with many labelling Operation Iraqi Freedom a public relations failure (Griese, 2004, p.53). It is submitted that Operation Iraqi Freedom is a prime example of this as a foreseeable end to the current US war in Iraq remains precarious, leading to controversial justifications of necessary humanitarian interventions and post conflict peace building. Therefore, in considering the inherent conflict between the military success of the air campaign and the ensuing controversy over the US’ continued presence in Iraq, I shall firstly consider the shock and awe doctrine applied in Operation Iraqi Freedom in Section 2, followed by a contextual discussion of Operation Iraqi Freedom in impacting US public relations within the international political framework (Heath et al, 2009, p.89). In undertaking this discussion it is submitted at the outset that whilst in the short term the

Economic Development in East Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Economic Development in East Asia - Essay Example Many countries started the modern economic growth post Second World War while some other countries chose to start them according to their preference. The biggest developer Japan decided to use the modern economy from 1985, where as china implemented it from 1980s. It followed the economy policy and preferred market economies over central economy. From then it has been a growing stage for each country as well as the East Asia as a whole. Globalization created so much impact on all the countries and only some could withstand the era of Globalization. East Asian countries did not face this problem. They were strong enough to accept and change towards globalization, and from then there has been a continuous growth in all the countries. As politics played a major role in the development of a country, many countries could not improve their economic standard immediately. They had to cooperate with the government and abide by their rules and regulations. The growth and development was seen in starting up new industries and inventing new things.(Nabende 2003). Import and Export underwent a transformation. Countries like Japan and China started to manufacture their own products instead of importing them from other foreign countries. This in turn resulted in exporting goods manufactured by them to the other countries. Manufacturing companies started to produce textiles, technological products and other industrial and home appliances. The shares of each country were based on their development and some of them had a tough time due to the massive improvement of China and Japan. (Sycip 1996).There was also a growth on the education and employment, which gradually improved the economy. After some years, the government started providing monetary support to the countries, which made the development easier. The trade and its market started to improve; import and export decided a countries role to develop other nations. Though East Asian countries were experiencing growth, in the 1980s there was a setback which the countries found it difficult to cope up with. Some of them reported zero growth and import and export were affected. This condition improved after years of struggle and fight. Japan was leading in the development stage and it faced a severe competition with the improvement of United States. The value of dollar and Yen kept in fluctuating. There was a tough competition between them. Financial Crisis Financial crisis disturbed and turned down the improvement of almost all the countries in the world. East Asian countries were the worst hit by the financial crisis. There was a drop in their currency value too. (Greenwood 2005).The U.S dollar continued to dominate and countries like Japan and China had their currencies floating. The recovery from this crisis took some time and improvement seemed to be tough. Due to this crisis, trading operations totally came to a halt. Countries with good economies could manage, where as smaller countries started to suffer. Investment went down and they found it difficult to tide over the situation. But then after sometime the countries started to recover and the recovery was rather a shock to the other countries. With the help of the government, countries gained financial support and their trading, import, export and investment seemed to improve. Trade assignments between the East Asian countr

Comparative Paper Play School and Hi-5 Essay Example for Free

Comparative Paper Play School and Hi-5 Essay Despite all the modern excitements that Network 9’s Hi-5 presents, the traditional and ABC’s Play School offers more for early learners. These two children shows are compared in the features of form, purpose, audience and social context. Hi-5 is contemporary and fast paced reflecting the modern culture whereas Play School maintains a sense of simplicity and the traditional elements which still fulfil the 21st century child. The importance of Hi-5 is to entertain whereas Play School educates effectively. The purpose of the opening credits is to draw out the wanted moods of the audience. Apparently, each calming episode of Play School begins with its symbolic, cheerful tune introducing the familiar characters. The opening animation is set in softer tones which attract an open gender audience with characters inviting them to, â€Å"come inside.† This sets up a comforting atmosphere where the children feel valued and safe, allowing learning to take place. Through the opening credits, Play School displays traditional, simple values which emphasize and develop their main purpose of education. Hi-5 is very much concerned with image, consumerism and technology, and as seen in the opening credits, it immediately reinforces the main purpose of entertainment. The vibrant colours which are almost glowing and the coloured patterns, female titled the audience into a state of joy, somewhat reproducing the scene at a disco. The opening credits heavily feature their Hi-5 logo, which in turn is a devious form of product placement. Overall, both shows’ opening credits are shown in a uniquely way. Play School is presented in a calm and a peaceful playful way, whereas, Hi-5 is shown in an upbeat and over exaggerated enjoyable, fun way. Whereas Hi-5’s priority is to create excitement and sell the product through setting and music, Play School’s aim is to provide education in an enjoyable way and helping the children’s intell igence and development. Play School is filmed in a studio resembling a house, in a safe, comfortable and calming surrounding encouraging learning. The realistic setting is provided with familiar, recognizable features such as house lights and colourful curtains. Many aspects of learning are taught through well-known songs sung in the traditional, common style to the simple supplement of a piano. The natural lighting adds to this sense of reality, and a controlled colour frame creates a calm, familiar mood for the audience. Hi-5 too, is shot in a studio, however, it is filmed with the presence of a live audience emphasising a concert setting, reinforcing its main purpose of entertainment. The vibrant lights blink like a performance, and the setting is spare with no familiar objects. This reflects modern popular culture, celebrity obsession and playful fun. Yet, while unfamiliar, Hi-5 is still very exciting, inspiring the children’s imagination forcing them to use their imagination. This creates a happy atmosphere emphasising an exciting and energetic mood reinforcing the main purpose of entertainment. Therefore, both television shows have different and similar ways to engage the audience and their emotions. The structure of these two shows is controlled by the film techniques and technology. Hi-5 relies on flashing disco, coloured effects and cameras, whereas, Play School relies on a more naive approach. The constant, linear panning and minimal editing present in Play School reinforces the slow, calming mood. The viewer’s point of view is enhanced through the use of camera angles and a balanced full range of shots. This reinforces closeness and a connection between viewer and presenter. The minimal use of technology in Play School is non-threatening; everyday objects are used to make craft which breaks down social barriers and encourages imagination. The toys used are familiar and old-fashioned, encouraging a sense of tradition. Hi-5 however uses modern filming techniques with multiple cameras and fast, complex editing. The camera angles and differing points of view are unusual adding to the excitement and overexcited emotions. Combined into Hi-5 is animation, using props and graphics which appeal to a slightly older audience who live in a technological world. The props used, increase the party image preventing children from using their imagination. The main purpose is to entertain, whereas the purpose of Play School is to educate. So therefore, the features used in both programmes differ in order to meet the intended purposes. Through the use of soothing and calm tones, Play School enables their viewers to feel safe, while engaging them in learning. Through repetition, questions, instructions, alliteration and rhyme, the presenters repeat that learning is easy and fun. The combination of languages like in the simple song, â€Å"Bravo Bravisimo,† and the inclusion of sign language, Play School highlights social acceptance and multiculturalism creating a stronger bond between the viewer and th e presenters, reinforcing the purpose of education. The light, good humour is also combined to fulfil their secondary purpose of entertainment. Hi-5 uses the sophisticated and complex humour of jokes and parodies. Through giggling for instance, an exaggerated and happy tone is created as the presenters attempt to reflect a child’s intelligence. This is further reinforced through the regular use of everyday language creating an overly friendly environment, whereas, the exaggerated body language reinforces entertainment and excitement. Through developing forms, purposes, audiences and social context Hi-5 and Play School contrast hugely. It is clear that the purpose of Play School is to educate whereas entertainment is the main purpose of Hi-5. Through aiming the intended emotions at their audience, both these programs achieve their intended purpose and social context.

The History of Montserrat :: Essays Papers

The history of the island of Montserrat has been characterized by instability from the time of its discovery to its present-day status as a Dependent Overseas Territory of Great Britain. With a wide range of concerns regarding the issue of independence, the inhabitants of Montserrat remain unsure of their ability to maintain their own economic development and survive without financial assistance from Britain. The geography of Montserrat has consistently posed a threat to the people of the island, whose lives are largely dependent on the land they inhabit. The first Europeans to spot Montserrat did so on 10 November 1493, as Columbus’ ship sailed from Guadeloupe towards Hispaniola. Though he named the island, Columbus and the Spanish took little interest in Montserrat, and nothing more was written about the island by a European until July 1631. At that time, Amerindians were using the island, though perhaps not living there, and no Europeans had settled Montserrat. However, only two-and-a-half years later, in January 1634, another written account describes Montserrat as having been settled by Irish Catholics (Pulsipher 1986 7). The first settlers of Montserrat were most likely from St. Kitts and arrived there in 1632 (Rogozinski 75). By the 1650s, English and Anglo-Irish landowners formed the wealthy ruling class, and Irish indentured servants formed the bulk of the population (Pulsipher 1986 12). Many of the first Irish Catholic settlers came from Virginia, New England, and the British Isles (Pulsipher 1986 7). Of the white population in 1678, 70% were Irish indentured servants (Rogozinski 76). There were also several hundred African slaves living on Montserrat by 1654 (Pulsipher 1986 12). The British landowners used their servants and slaves to grow cash crops such as tobacco, indigo, cotton, and sugar (Pulsipher 1986 8). By the early 1680s, Montserrat was a â€Å"sugar island,† and by 1700 was shipping 29 million pounds of sugar to England and Wales annually (Pulsipher 1986 12). During this time there were a number of restrictive laws passed by the British government to regulate trade and exporting, particularly for the purpose of eliminating Dutch traders from interfering in their affairs. By the 1650s, the Dutch had established themselves as a source of connection between the Caribbean islands and the rest of the world and went so far as to build a number of warehouses for the protection of market-ready crops on Montserrat (Pulsipher 1986 8). The History of Montserrat :: Essays Papers The history of the island of Montserrat has been characterized by instability from the time of its discovery to its present-day status as a Dependent Overseas Territory of Great Britain. With a wide range of concerns regarding the issue of independence, the inhabitants of Montserrat remain unsure of their ability to maintain their own economic development and survive without financial assistance from Britain. The geography of Montserrat has consistently posed a threat to the people of the island, whose lives are largely dependent on the land they inhabit. The first Europeans to spot Montserrat did so on 10 November 1493, as Columbus’ ship sailed from Guadeloupe towards Hispaniola. Though he named the island, Columbus and the Spanish took little interest in Montserrat, and nothing more was written about the island by a European until July 1631. At that time, Amerindians were using the island, though perhaps not living there, and no Europeans had settled Montserrat. However, only two-and-a-half years later, in January 1634, another written account describes Montserrat as having been settled by Irish Catholics (Pulsipher 1986 7). The first settlers of Montserrat were most likely from St. Kitts and arrived there in 1632 (Rogozinski 75). By the 1650s, English and Anglo-Irish landowners formed the wealthy ruling class, and Irish indentured servants formed the bulk of the population (Pulsipher 1986 12). Many of the first Irish Catholic settlers came from Virginia, New England, and the British Isles (Pulsipher 1986 7). Of the white population in 1678, 70% were Irish indentured servants (Rogozinski 76). There were also several hundred African slaves living on Montserrat by 1654 (Pulsipher 1986 12). The British landowners used their servants and slaves to grow cash crops such as tobacco, indigo, cotton, and sugar (Pulsipher 1986 8). By the early 1680s, Montserrat was a â€Å"sugar island,† and by 1700 was shipping 29 million pounds of sugar to England and Wales annually (Pulsipher 1986 12). During this time there were a number of restrictive laws passed by the British government to regulate trade and exporting, particularly for the purpose of eliminating Dutch traders from interfering in their affairs. By the 1650s, the Dutch had established themselves as a source of connection between the Caribbean islands and the rest of the world and went so far as to build a number of warehouses for the protection of market-ready crops on Montserrat (Pulsipher 1986 8).

From dependence to independence Essay

â€Å"A Taste Of Honey† is a twentieth century play set in the 1950s. It is known as a â€Å"kitchen-sink† drama and was written by Shelagh Delaney at the age of 18 and was first performed in May 1958. A â€Å"kitchen-sink† drama originated in the literature in the 1950s and 1960s. Its aim is to create a true picture of the hard life and troubles of the working class life. In â€Å"A Taste Of Honey† the two main characters are always falling out with each other and the people around them. The conditions they live in are cramped and poor in bedsits or flats. An example of a â€Å"kitchen-sink† drama is in â€Å"Look Back In Anger† by John Osborne and â€Å"Saturday Night And Sunday Morning† by Alan Sillitoe. Plays and dramas in the fifties were performed for the middle and upper classes but then came the debut â€Å"kitchen-sink† drama; â€Å"Look Back In Anger†, which was aimed at the working class. A â€Å"kitchen-sink† drama play uses everyday common language to reflect the lives of the working class people portrayed. â€Å"A Taste Of Honey† is set in Salford, Manchester. It is about the life and relationship between a young girl, Jo, and her mother, Helen. They move around a lot, and have just moved into a shabby one-bedroomed flat in Salford. Helen is a semi-whore who lives off money which has been given to her by her men friends. Helen also drinks a lot. Jo is fifteen years old and she is very talented in an artistic way and enjoys drawing, but she blames her mother, who she refers to as Helen, for disrupting her education. Helen and Jo move into a shabby rented flat in Salford and it’s very cramped and small. Jo isn’t happy but Helen doesn’t mind. Jo tries to make the flat look and feel more liveable in by deciding to plant some bulbs. Helen’s not bothered though, and is happy that at least they have a roof over their heads. She has a â€Å"what you see is what you get† attitude towards life and lives by a day-to-day basis. Helen also uses a lot of sarcasm, for example, when Jo is complaining about the flat, Helen replies, â€Å"Everything in it is falling apart, it’s true, and we’ve no heating- but there’s a lovely view of the gasworks.† Helen is a single parent and there’s no mention of any relatives throughout the play. Single parent families were not accepted in the 1950s and if a couple wasn’t married, it was seen as â€Å"living in sin† and frowned upon. â€Å"A Taste Of Honey† is aimed at adults and older teenagers as there is a lot of crude and rude humour and bad language, reflecting their working class lives for example, Helen: â€Å"Take your bloody money and get out.† Peter: â€Å"Thank you.† Helen: â€Å"You dirty bastard.† Also, teenage pregnancies, race and sexuality were big issues in the fifties. Homosexuality was a criminal offence, even if the couple were of a consent age. Many homosexuals were locked up, and underage sex was strongly frowned upon, and abortions were very difficult to obtain. Women had to resort to back-street abortions, which were very dangerous and could be fatal, so that’s why there were a lot of teenage pregnancies. In the fifties, there were very few black people and they were given low paid jobs in the service industries and hospitals. These three issues are all part of the story. Jo has a teenage pregnancy, Jimmie is black, and Geof is homosexual. There were no equal opportunities, for example, men got paid more than women in exactly the same jobs. Housing conditions in Salford were poor. Most houses were small, cramped and dirty. Many rented bedsits or flats often shared amenities like bathrooms and toilets, and this is the case in â€Å"A Taste Of Honey†. â€Å"We share a bathroom with the community and this wallpaper’s contemporary. What more do you want?† In â€Å"A Taste Of Honey†, Jo doesn’t call her mother â€Å"mother†. She calls her Helen. This shows that she doesn’t have much respect for her mother and wishes to live her own life, and not to be ruled over by someone who is not a good mother figure. I think Jo is lonely, as she hasn’t settled down in a school yet so she hasn’t had the chance to make any friends. Helen also treats Jo as if she is just something that’s there. She refers to Jo as â€Å"she† and â€Å"her†. â€Å"Wouldn’t she get on your nerves?† Helen also drinks a lot, and even though Jo isn’t treated as a real person, she still wishes her mother would stop. â€Å"Drink, drink, drink, that’s all you’re fit for.† With Jo wanting Helen to stop drinking, I think this shows that Jo is scared, that if the drinking carries on and Helen gets ill or something happens to her, then Jo will be alone. Helen’s favourite past-times, which Jo disapproves of, are her drinking habits and sleeping around. Helen is not a good mother and she knows this herself, â€Å"Have I ever laid claim to being a proper mother?† Helen hardly knows her daughter. This is made obvious when Jo decides to have a bath in the morning because it’s dark outside, and Helen replies, â€Å"Are you afraid of the dark?† whereas in any normal family, the parent would know if their child was afraid of anything with living with them for fifteen years. Jo hates school. She has been moved from school to school and never settled in any of them, so she can’t be bothered with it, but she is very talented in drawing. When Helen finds some of Jo’s drawings, her only reply is, â€Å"I thought you weren’t good at anything.† Helen starts to encourage Jo by saying it’s very good, but then her sarcasm returns when she says, â€Å"I think I’ll hang this on the wall somewhere. Now, where will it be least noticeable?† When we meet Peter, he enters with a cigar in his mouth. He seems very â€Å"cocky† and seems the sort of person who doesn’t really care for other people, as he is self-centred. He keeps telling Jo to go away, and tells Helen to â€Å"get rid of her†, because he just wants Helen for sex. Jo doesn’t want to leave the two alone, and keeps interrupting because she is afraid that Peter will get the attention off Helen that Jo has always wanted. Also, Jo knows that Helen will abandon her and go off with new men she meets, as she has done it before. When Helen goes out the room and Jo is left alone with Peter, she starts to question him. Jo sees some photographs in Peter’s wallet and demands to know who they are of. â€Å"Can I see the other photos?† She then starts to ask why he’s marrying Helen and asks if he fancies her. â€Å"Do you fancy me?† I think she asks this because she knows that her mother is beautiful, and she gets lots of attention off men, so Jo wants to see if she could be just like her. Helen is somewhat an â€Å"idol† to Jo, because she always asks people if they think Helen is beautiful, and she wants to be just like her†¦ always getting attention from men. Jo, in a way, is jealous of Helen. I think Jo is fairly independent for her age, as she is certain about what she wants to do. She wants to leave school and start working as soon as she can. This shows that she acts older than she really is and is mature for her age. In scene 2, we are introduced to Jo’s boyfriend. In this part of the play, we know him as â€Å"Boy†, but later on we find out his name is Jimmie. He is a black sailor in the navy and he asks Jo to marry him. Boy is twenty-two, and Jo lies about her age and tells him she is eighteen. He questions her about what Helen will think about him because he’s a coloured boy. Boy: â€Å"She hasn’t seen me.† Jo: â€Å"And when she does?† Boy: â€Å"She’ll see a coloured boy.† I think Boy is worried about meeting Jo’s mother, as racial prejudice was a big issue in the fifties. Jo tells him, though, that her mother is not prejudice and will not mind, but at the end of the play when Helen finds out that the baby will be black, she starts to get mad. When she finds out, she says, â€Å"Oh don’t be silly Jo. You’ll be giving yourself nightmares.† She thinks Jo is pulling her leg but she is serious. When she finally realises that it is true, she doesn’t care what people will think of Jo, but what people will think of herself. â€Å"Can you see me wheeling a pram with a†¦ Oh my God, I’ll have to have a drink.† Boy has to go away for six months, and he reassures her he’ll be back. I think Jo ‘thinks’ she loves Boy, but doesn’t expect him to return, because when he says he is going, Jo says her â€Å"Heart’s broke†. Boy offers comfort by saying; â€Å"You can lie in bed at night and hear my ship passing down the old canal.† But when Boy starts to flirt with her in a naughty way, she says, â€Å"I may as well be naughty while I’ve got the chance. I’ll probably never see you again. I know it.† I don’t think that it’s true love between Jo and Boy, as Jo is young and every time they say they love each other, their replies to one another is always â€Å"how†, and â€Å"why.† Boy: â€Å"I love you.† Jo: â€Å"How do you know?† Whereas if they really did love each other, they wouldn’t ask for reasons why. Jo’s friend Geof, is very considerate and caring. We meet Geof in Act 2, Scene 1 after him and Jo have been to the fairground. Geof is a homosexual and he has been kicked out of his flat by the landlady because of this, so he’s been spending time at Jo’s. By this time, it is summer and Jo’s pregnancy is obvious. Helen has moved out after marrying Peter and left Jo alone. Geof comes into Jo’s flat after the fair and is about to go but Jo literally begs him to stay. â€Å"Geof, don’t go. Don’t go. Geof!† I think Jo is scared to be alone, that she doesn’t know what she would do alone with the birth getting nearer. Geof starts looking through Jo’s drawings and criticises them by saying he doesn’t like charcoal and that the drawings are exactly like Jo, with â€Å"no design, rhythm or purpose.† When Geof starts telling Jo that a lot of money will be needed for the baby, she tries to ignore the fact that she’s pregnant and tells Geof to â€Å"shut up†, but Geof isn’t saying this to worry her, but to get her prepared and face reality. He cares for her and because Helen doesn’t know about the pregnancy, Geof thinks she has a right to know that she’s going to be a grandmother but Jo objects. Jo’s relationship with Geof is a love similar to that of a brother and sister, as he is more into looking after her. I think Jo really cares for him too, as she begs him to stay over and she has a laugh with him as well as being flirty at the same time. Jo: â€Å"Do you like beer?† Geof: â€Å"Yes.† Jo: â€Å"Gin?† Geof: â€Å"Yes. Have you got some?† Jo: â€Å"No, but if I had, I’d give it all to you. I’d give everything I had to you.† When Jo and Geof go to bed, Geof questions Jo about Jimmie. Geof: â€Å"A black boy?† Jo: â€Å"From darkest Africa! A Prince.† She exaggerates as though it was a dream, or a fairytale. Just before they go to bed, Jo laughs and tells Geof, â€Å"You’re just like a big sister to me.† A few months later, Jo and Geof are getting ready for the arrival of the baby and Geof’s making a baby gown while Jo wanders about the room. It is not something that the audience would expect a man or brother to be doing. It would more likely be a sister. I think Jo is nervous because the birth is very near and she is restless. She is very excited when the baby kicks, and tells Geof. Jo always seems to flirt with Geof, playfully putting her arms around him, but when Geof is serious about him and Jo, she backs off. Geof: â€Å"Let me kiss you.† Jo: â€Å"Let go of me. Leave me alone.† I think this is where Jo becomes more mature and independent, as she knows what she wants. â€Å"I think I’ve had enough. I’m sick of love.† But then Jo realises that she can’t really cope, that the baby is perhaps more than she can handle and her hormones are getting the better of her. â€Å"I’ll bash its brains out. I’ll kill it. I don’t want this baby, Geof. I don’t want to be a mother.† She realises that she wants Jimmie back, she misses him so much, and she wants the real father to her baby. â€Å"Every Christmas Helen used to go off with some boyfriend or other and leave me all on my own in some sordid digs, but last Christmas I had him.† Geof thinks he is only welcome in Jo’s flat until she finds her next â€Å"Prince† and in my opinion, Geof is hurt. When Helen comes to see Jo with Peter, Peter is prejudiced against Geof and calls him a â€Å"fruit cake parcel.† He is drunk and wants to go to the pub with Helen, and so he starts making his own fun by calling the flat Jo lives in, and calling Jo a â€Å"slut.† Jo’s attitude towards Geof towards the end of the play changes for the better. From the way they both talk to each other you can see they have both grown up. Jo is more open to Geof about her relationship with Helen. â€Å"You know I used to try and hold my mothers hands but she always used to pull them away from me. She had so much love for everyone else but none for me.† When Jo says that, it actually makes the audience feel sorry for her, and disgusted with Helen, because Jo didn’t have a genuine mother figure. She also tells Geof about how Helen got pregnant with her. She tells him about how she was married to a Puritan, but wanted some fun so she had a â€Å"frolic in a hay loft† one afternoon with a â€Å"daft† man. This shows that she feels secure with Geof and more confident with him as she tells him everything that happened and wants him to feel sorry for her and to understand her because she didn’t have a good childhood. Jo starts to value Geof, as she realises he cares more than Helen. At the end of the play, Helen tries to hint that she wants Geof to leave so she can move back in. she thinks she could look after Jo better than Geof, even after the months she has missed. â€Å"There wouldn’t be much room for two of us on the couch, would there?† The only hint of love from Helen for Jo throughout the play is when Jo is having contractions and Helen strokes her hair, saying everything will be all right. This is the only time in the play when Helen is shown to be supportive of Jo. It shows Jo is independent and has matured, because when Helen doesn’t know how to use the stove, Jo tells her, whereas this time last year, it was the other way around. When Geof leaves, and Helen finds out about the baby being black, she says she’s going for a drink. This part reflects the beginning, when Helen abandons Jo at Christmas. Unfortunately just when Jo needs her mother the most, she leaves her yet again. When she’s out the door, Jo leans against the doorpost, remembering the good times with Geof and smiling to herself, as she recites a rhyme that Geof taught her. This shows that she is now dependant on herself, and knows she can cope by herself, because she was left alone the year before, and knows she can do it again. Jo’s â€Å"Taste Of Honey† was when she met Jimmie, but in my opinion, I think her â€Å"Taste Of Honey† was the time she spent with Geof, because he taught her a lot of things in life, and throughout the play you can see how she has matured, and adopted a more serious attitude towards life.

Pak China Friendship

In early 1960s, the regional and international environment played an important role in bringing about an upswing in Pakistan-China relations. China, which was under the strong pressure of the West led by the US in those days of the Cold War as shown by the establishment of SEATO and had fought a war with India because of their territorial dispute, needed friends to end its international isolation and counter India in South Asia. Pakistan because of its strained relations with India was in search of friends in its neighbourhood to neutralise, to some extent, India’s power superiority. China met the demands of Pakistan’s strategic compulsions.Pakistan’s realisation of the strategic importance of its friendship with China increased as it became acutely aware of the unreliability of the Western support in any conflict with India. The 1965 Pakistan-India war confirmed these apprehensions. The global strategic environment underwent a dramatic change in the 1970s with t he rapprochement between the US and China, in which Pakistan had played an important role, to counter the perceived security threat posed by the Soviet Union to both Washington and Beijing. Thus, the Western impediment to the strengthening of Pakistan-China relations was removed.In fact, following the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, both Pakistan and the US needed and secured China’s support to defeat the Soviet occupation through the Afghan jihad. The end of the Cold War in 1991 brought about another dramatic transformation of the global strategic scenario. For about a decade after the end of the Cold War, the US loomed large on the global scene like a colossus. No other country matched its enormous military power and economic strength. There were signs of concern in the 1990s on the part of China about the emergence of the US as the global hegemon and the unipolarity of the international political system.This period also witnessed the commencement of the process of the stre ngthening of US-India relations to contain China and the imposition of the US economic and military sanctions against Pakistan because of its nuclear programme. These developments brought Pakistan and China closer together. The result was increased Pakistan-China cooperation in various fields, including the field of nuclear technology. Pakistan’s need for China’s support and cooperation increased also because of the intensification of the freedom movement in the Indian Occupied Kashmir andthe resultant tensions in Pakistan-India relations. The US â€Å"unipolar moment† soon passed. The first decade of the 21st century witnessed the commencement of a radical reconfiguration of the global strategic scenario driven by China’s phenomenal economic progress and rise as a leading global power. The initiation of policies of economic reforms and opening to the outside world in 1979, under China’s paramount leader Deng Xiaoping, unleashed powerful forces tha t accelerated China’s economic growth to dizzying heights.Consequently, its GDP grew five times between 1979 and 1998 as against the target of fourfold increase. Since 1998, China has recorded growth rates averaging about nine percent per annum, propelling it to the position of the second biggest economy in the world. China’s GDP during the current year is expected to reach the figure of $9. 2 trillion as against the US gross domestic product of $16. 3 trillion. In purchasing power parity (PPP) terms, its GDP would reach the figure of $13. 9 trillion during the current year.According to latest projections, China will overtake the US economy in PPP terms within the next few years and in nominal terms some time in the next decade. In 2012, it overtook the US as the world’s biggest trading nation in goods with the combined total of its exports and imports reaching the amount of $3. 87 trillion as against the $3. 82 trillion for the US. The rapid growth of Chinaâ₠¬â„¢s economy has also enabled it to increase its military expenditure at a fast rate to safeguard its security interests. its annual military expenditure is currently about $106 billion as against $36 billion for India.However, its military expenditure is still a very small proportion of the US annual military expenditure. Such a massive shift in the global balance of power cannot but have far-reaching implications for international politics. The US ability to impose its will on the rest of the world in the economic field is fast eroding. Correspondingly, the effectiveness of its economic sanctions against foreign countries will also decline. It has forced the US to pivot its naval forces to the Asia-Pacific region where it will deploy 60 percent of its naval assets by 2020.It is strengthening its alliances in Asia with Australia, Japan and South Korea. It is trying to checkmate China’s territorial claims in South China Sea by extending political support particularly to Viet nam and the Philippines. Above all, from the point of view of both Pakistan and China, the US is engaged in close cooperation with India in economic, military and nuclear fields to help build it up as a major world power of the 21st century with a view to containing the expansion of China’s influence in South Asia and the Indian Ocean region.The growing rivalry between the US and China, and the US efforts to build up India as a bulwark against China, have important strategic implications for Pakistan. The growth in the depth, and the extent of US-India cooperation, is likely to push Pakistan closer to China as a counterweight to India’s possible hegemony in South Asia. US threats of sanctions against Pakistan because of its decision to proceed with the Iran-Pakistan gas pipeline project will further hasten this process. On the other hand, these developments will deepen China’s inclination to develop closer relations with Pakistan.Thus, from purely a strategic po int of view, the future prospects of Pakistan-China relations are quite bright. It was against this background that during the fifth round of the Pakistan-China Strategic Dialogue held in Beijing in November 2012, Pakistan’s Foreign Secretary and the Chinese Vice Foreign Minister agreed that Pakistan and China needed to close ranks to face the extraordinary global and regional challenges. However, there is no room for complacency.Pakistan’s bilateral trade with China, which was estimated to be $10.6 billion in 2011, was far behind the Indo-China trade of $80 billion. We must, therefore, pay special attention to the building up of Pakistan-China relations in economic, commercial and cultural fields, while maintaining close cooperation in political and military fields. Future possibilities of economic and commercial cooperation include a rail link between Pakistan and China, oil and gas pipelines through Pakistan to connect Xinjiang and the rest of China with the Strait of Hormuz and West Asia via the land route, and a rapid increase in bilateral trade.However, Pakistan would have to put its own house in order, reorder its domestic priorities, energise its private sector, and streamline its procedures to take full advantage of the opportunities that beckon us. On the political side, we should be sensitive to China’s concerns about the activities of the Taliban and other religious extremists in so far as the situation in Xinjiang province of China is concerned. Religious moderation is good not only for our internal political health, but also for our relations with China.

Comparison of Hector and Achilles essays

Comparison of Hector and Achilles essays In book VI, Hector returns to battle despite the pleas of those he loves. Compare Hectors behavior with Achilles' refusal to fight after he has been shamed. Both are heroes. What is heroic about each decision? Do you approve of one more than the other? Why? If so, what values do they have that you do not? Both Hector and Achilles are noble warriors. These two men are skilled in the ways of war and the politics surrounding war. These brave warriors are considered by many to be heroes, but they both have the same driving flaw. This flaw shared by many other heroes of the Illiad, is the reason I see these two men as cursed, not heroic. In the beginning of the Illiad, Agamemnon has been counseled by the seer to return the priests daughter to him at once. Agamemnon will not give up his prize with out receiving compensation for his loss. "But fetch me another prize, and straight off too, else I alone of the Argives go without my honor." (Homer 81) With this Achilles points out that all the "plunder" has been portioned out. Agamemnon replies with hostility. He threatens to take Briseus, Achilles own prize. This enrages Achilles. He verbally assaults Agamemnon, "Shameless- armored in shamelessness-always shrewd with greed." (Homer 82) Achilles continues venting his rage over Agamemnon's lack of respect. The two continue there argument, growing more heated with every breath. Achilles reaches the end of his rope "What a worthless, burnt out coward I'd be called if I would submit to you and all your orders....never again." (Homer 86) Achilles returns to his ship as Agamemnon dispatches two men to retrieve Bris eus. Achilles welcomes the men, for they have not wronged him. He wishes for these men to bear witness to his grief. He also wants them to know that he will not take up arms to help the Achaean army. He has been disgraced, his pride mortally wounded. His rage will not subside. His stubborn pride will stay ...

Non Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Non - Research Paper Example Murals are regarded s the earliest art forms as illustrated by cave paintings of hunting scenes by cave men and those found in Egyptian and Mayan pyramids. Murals can be created using material as witnessed in paintings on cave walls that may have used plant extracts, animal oil to modern synthetic oil or water based paints and pigments. Murals can also be create through the incorporation of other artistic techniques including collage and mosaic where these are embossed onto a wall or permanent surface to create one whole image or representation. This paper seeks to discuss mural art by Ta-Coumba Arken by analysing and offering detailed description of one of his works titled Alum Hungi-I 1991. Ta-Coumba Aiken is a renowned public works art painter whose base of operations is located in Minnesota. Some of his notable works of art in the city include the Jax/Gillette Children’s Hospital mural, the north side’s Pilot City murals project and the Minneapolis Central Library t ile fireplace (Millet 110). A trademark characteristic of Ta-Coumba’s artwork is the resulting variety of contrasting colors and tone that gives his works of art an eye-catching property. This is his style and perspective that is incorporated into his murals, which he starts creating from a white and black outline inwards giving the outline figures ‘meat’ or substance. The outlines set the ground for his process of shape building and coloration, which he describes as ‘spirit writing’. Murals created by Ta-Coumba are characterized by the usage of repeating rhythm patterns through imagery as stylistic devise of bringing out the resultant artistic effect of his art. The artist attributes the inspiration behind his artwork to African masks and dance whose aspects, quality and substance he tries to replicate and bring to life in his paintings. The Alum Hungi-I 1991 by Ta-Coumba is a canvas painting illustrating 9 African or dark skinned figures involved i n various stages activity ranging from drum and flute playing, fishing, spear throwing and dance. This is consistent with Ta-Cuomba’s line of inspiration that comes from African dance and music. The outline of the painting is made out of a black background to achieve the maximum degree of contrast that is also characteristic with Ta-Coumba’s work. The use of color is unlimited, and the level of expression in the figures is accentuated by the rhythm that seems to come from the various poses of the figures in the painting. A notable aspect about the painting is the use of a black outline for each shape a quality that can also be seen in the frame that holds the artwork. Each figure in the artwork is made-up of more than one color a style that gives the painting a warm contrast and rhythm, which works to bring out the theme of the painting. The use of a range of bright colors makes the art work very eye catching. The use of color the blue is used in various shades and int ensities, an aspect that can be construed to represent the artist’s perspective on happiness and joy. The theme of music and dance is brought by the depiction of drums and dancing figures playing the musical instruments. The use of more than one color in the background makes the painting look abstract and distracting to the viewer, which adds to eye-catching quality. The empty spaces in the painting

Managing a wide range of cultural diversity in the workplace is Essay

Managing a wide range of cultural diversity in the workplace is challenging but not impossible - Essay Example Cultural diversity in work place is difficult to handle, but is manageable. This essay will address the main hurdles in effective management under culturally diverse circumstances and solutions to such problems. Cultural diversity refers to multiculturalism or interaction of individuals from different cultures at one platform. This phenomenon occurs as a result of international migration. People from several diverse cultures and nations migrate to other places usually developed areas for work. This makes management difficult. According to UNESCO (2003) some 175 million people live away from their birth places and this rate was reported to be 200 million by the World Bank in 2009. When individuals from various diverse cultures accumulate in a single organization, the management is faced by following common issues: Where there is cultural diversity, people from different races are provided with several opportunities to interact. An interaction at such a level is sometimes ridden with racial issues that are again quite challenging to manage. In culturally diverse workplaces, sometimes individuals from a contrasting culture fail to absorb or even understand the organizational culture. This is referred to as a cultural shock. Cultural shock leads to negative feelings of helplessness and isolation, usually leading to poor performance at work by the individual. Communication barriers among the co workers due to their diverse cultures also pose a problem in such scenarios and if left un dealt with, can pose serious limitations in the organization’s overall performance. The main issues relating to cultural diversity that might pose a problem for management have been highlighted above. These issues suggest that management of cultural diversity is a difficult task. Now I will discuss how these issues can be dealt with making it possible to manage such a culturally diverse workplace. Cultural diversity can be managed at workplace if certain